Unit+V

=__**Unit V- The Great Depression and The New Deal**__= __**1st image-**__
 * The 1920s was called the "The Roaring 20s"
 * baseball was big in the 20s.
 * jazz music
 * mobsters,gangsters,illegal activities- Alcapone
 * Random lady we dont know:p
 * __2nd image-__**
 * Brooklyn ,NY
 * 1929, October 29
 * Black tuesday
 * stocks crash
 * __3rd image-__**
 * unemployment gets higher when Hoover was president
 * when FDR was president unemployment decreased
 * 1930s
 * decade of unemployment
 * __4th image-__**
 * government spending alot of money
 * on construction the city and the people
 * __5th image-__**
 * people living in shacks because government speding alot
 * "hoovertown"
 * named afte the president they are blaming him

__2. Bank Failures:__ Over 9,000 banks failed. When banks failed people lost thier money. Banks stopoed giving loans.
==__3. Reduction in Purchasing Across the Board:__ People stopped purchasing items, that reduced the workforce causing people to lose thier jobs and couldnt pay back what they bought on credit. the unemployment rate went up 25%.== ==__**4. American Economic Policy with Europe:**__ **Businesses were failing so in 1930 the Smoot-Hawley Tariff was created. Companies charged high tax on imported goods to created more money but it also lowered the trade rate.**==

==__5. Drought Conditions:__ In 1930 there was a drought in the mississippi valley. People had to sell thier proporties to make no profit for themselves to have money. John Steinbeck's book The Grapes of Wrath was about the drought. __"Dust Bowl"__== =__Boom Bust Video-__=
 * 1929 over 6 million dollars of goods were bought on credit, 80 % of the people couldnt pay back.
 * a year after the stock market crash only 2 % of people own stock.
 * cooking the books- lying, fudging the truth, bad decicions, using money in bad ways.
 * 1933 28 states with no open banks.:O
 * 4 million people unemployed in 1930 to 12 million in 1932.
 * building projects puplicly funded privately built. "government money"

Mark up reading on the Great Depression

what was his polititical views ? what was his philosophy?
Herbert Hoover was president from 1929-1933. He became president in March, 1929 and the stock market crashed in October-7 months later. Hoover did not cause the crash or the Depression, but he also didnt really help address either.

__﻿Philosophy-__ set of beliefs and ideas
Hoover was a Republican, a Conservative, and he believed in laissez faire capitalism

=__Hoover Video__= =__Hoovers Attempts to Aid the Economic Crisis:__= ==__Smooth-Hawley Tariff-__ An Act was passed June 30th that rasied US Tariffs to very high levels. To raise taxes on imports.Foreign goods became more expensive and americans would buy American goods-led to a problem-other countrys passed tariffs on American goods and global trades slowed WAY down!!!==
 * ==__Republican__- Hoover believed in lower taxes, helping big businesses and social darwinism.==
 * ==__Conservative__- Hoover was against a lot of change, he believed in traditional ways of doing things.==
 * ==__Laissez Faire capitalism-__ Laissez Faire isis French for " Leave Alone " or " let go "- as an economic philosophy it means for the government to let the economy function on its own- the government does not get very involved in the economy- not a lot of RULES or REGULATIONS!==

__RFC-__ gov't agency to give loans to struggling banks, businesses, railroads, companies, etc...
=The Presidential election of 1932 was Herbet Hoover (republican) vs. FDR (democrat)- inaugurated in March of 1933=

=FDR was a democrat and a liberal - he is more willing to accept change and implement government involvement in the economy.=

=__FDR Video__=
 * 51 years old from New York
 * enjoyed stamp collecting
 * president from 1933-1945
 * he had "polio" at the age of 39
 * his disability was kept from the public
 * over 60% of america listen to his radio channel
 * "the only thing we have to fear, is fear itself" or "we have nothing to fear but fear itself"---FDR
 * Eleanor was his wife, she was "his eyes, his ears ,and his legs" because she can get around better.
 * electricity, roads, projects,etc= NEW DEAL
 * 1935- Social Security Act
 * 1st term--> lots of programs-some progress-1933-1937
 * 1937-setbacks-Conservative Supreme Court
 * AAA and NIRA- strucked down by Supreme Court



F. FDR - personality, philosophy, and Fireside Chats
2. What was his political and economic philosophy? How was it different from Hoover's?
 * 1) ====Who was FDR? What was his background? What was his personality like?====


 * 1) ====What were Fireside Chats?====


 * 1) ====Why were confidence and hope so important in the early 1930s?====

Emergency Banking Act || FDR shut down all banks, government was able to check the health of the bank. || FSA || Helped out farmers and created jobs. Loaned over $1 billion to farmers. ||
 * Great Depression Problems || Major New Deal Programs || Program Descriptions ||
 * Banking || Bank Holiday
 * Economic Problems || AAA || Raised farm prices, payed for farmers not to raise specific crops and animals- lower production- increases prices- protect farmers from price drop. ||
 * || CCC || Helped out farmers and created jobs. ||
 * Business Failures || NIRA || Industrial prices declined in the 1930s, regulating production and prices. ||
 * Unemployment || NIRA || Government regulating wages and working condition. ||
 * Farm bankruptcies || TVA
 * || FDIC ||  ||
 * || SEC ||  ||

=The Dust Bowl:= The dust bowl was a horrible natural disaster that was just like a huge black cloud soo dark it made it impossible to see andhard to breath this went on for a long time. 1934-1938- dust storms
 * Huge black cloud
 * 1934 4 o clock
 * hid in farm house
 * so dark couldnt see nothing even with a lamp
 * the ladies husband had to follow a barbwire fence to lead him to the house
 * tied wet rags over there mouths
 * // TERM // || // DEFINITION // || // IMPORTANCE // || // IMAGE // ||
 * Dust Bowl || A period of severe dust storms that caused many major farming problems. ||  ||   ||
 * Drought || A period of time where there was very littlr rain or no rain at all. ||  ||   ||
 * Migrant || Someone who travels from one place to another to livein the same state. ||  ||   ||
 * Okie || Migrants from any of the great plain states were called Okies. ||  ||   ||
 * Great Plains || A region of flat land where people farm. (Main crops: corn and wheat) ||  ||   ||

[|Surviving the dust bowl] [|Mark up of the Dust Bowl]

=What did FDR do to help those affected by the Dust Bowl?= FDR signed the Taylor Grazing Act, June 28 1934, this aloud him to take over 140 million acres of land and create a grazing area for animals. Frazier-Lemke Farm Bankruptcy Act was approved the same day^ this act ristricted banks from taking over farms when farmers went debt, it gave farmers more time to catch up on payments.

=__PASTURES OF PLENTY by: Woody Guthrie__= It's a mighty hard row that my poor hands have hoed My poor feet have traveled a hot dusty road Out of your Dust Bowl and Westward we rolled And your deserts were hot and your mountains were cold I worked in your orchards of peaches and prunes I slept on the ground in the light of the moon On the edge of the city you'll see us and then We come with the dust and we go with the wind California, Arizona, I harvest your crops Well its North up to Oregon to gather your hops Dig the beets from your ground, cut the grapes from your vine To set on your table your light sparkling wine Green pastures of plenty from dry desert ground From the Grand Coulee Dam where the waters run down Every state in the Union us migrants have been We'll work in this fight and we'll fight till we win It's always we rambled, that river and I All along your green valley, I will work till I die My land I'll defend with my life if it be Cause my pastures of plenty must always be free
 * Fight song (survival song)
 * Some people found hope by moving west to try find a better life.
 * Peoples lives during this time were based on working and traveling.
 * Need to find crops to harvest

=John Steinbeck- Grapes of Wrath (NOVEL)=

=__Dorothea Lange's photos__=

By:Dorothea Lange

Migrant from the Dust Bowl had to find work by working on someone elses farm.